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sativum fruit extract NO: Nitric oxide iNOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase COX-2: Cyclooxygenase-2 ER: Endoplasmic reticulum UPR: Unfolded protein response MANF: Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor APS: Astragalus polysaccharides AS-IV: Astragaloside IV GCLC: Glutathione cysteine ligase catalytic subunit GCLM: Glutathione cysteine ligase modifier subunit LPAR: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPA: Lysophosphatidic acid GTD: Gastrodin GEP: Gastrodia polysaccharides VMAT2: Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 GEP: Gastrodia polysaccharides SCFA: Short-chain fatty acid GSSG: Glutathione disulfide DAH: Dysfunction in dopamine homeostasis GRb1: Ginsenoside Rb1 Agp: Andrographolide Ech: Echinacoside CB: Corynoxine B Cur: Curcumin Mod: Morroniside Sal: Salidroside GRg1: Ginsenoside Rg1 GRg3: Ginsenoside Rg3 References Afifi AH, Sweelam HM, El-Shamarka ME, Orban HA, Elesawy WH, Nagata M, Shimizu K, Abd-Alla HI (2024) Chemical composition and studying the possible neuroprotective effect of iridoids-rich fraction from Pentas lanceolata leaves using rotenone model of Parkinsons disease in mice
Vitamin B3 Also known as Niacin, Vitamin B3 deficiency can lead to complicating situations such as inflamed lips and gums, loss of appetite, seizures and bloody diarrhea
Integrating these copper-specific markers (e.g., CP and NCC) with established cardiac biomarkers, such as BNP and troponin, can help identify a high copper risk patient subgroup, thereby informing personalized treatment decisions [264]
Ligand-free form of human alpha-fetoprotein: evidence for the molten globule state
